@article{oai:swu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000563,
 author = {恩田, 真弓 and 松澤, 正子 and ONDA, Mayumi and MATSUZAWA, Masako},
 journal = {昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要, Annual bulletin of Institute of Psychological Studies, Showa Women's University},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Developmental changes in the human-directed smile of toddlers were investigated. Children from 10 months to 3 years of age (n=16) were observed in natural situations at a nursery school. Results indicated that younger children around one year of age smiled alone and at others, whereas most smiles of older children were directed at others. The other-directed smiles of younger children were often elicited by actions or smiles from others, whereas most smiles of older children occurred voluntarily to communicate with others. Two-year-olds frequently smiled directed at others and the smiles were accompanied by vocalizations. Three-year-olds did not vocalize when they smiled at others, but they often smiled while looking at the faces of others to empathize with them., 15, KJ00005220693, 論文},
 pages = {131--136},
 title = {幼児期における人に向けた笑いの発達},
 volume = {10},
 year = {2008},
 yomi = {オンダ, マユミ and マツザワ, マサコ}
}